Since electric motors are a common and essential part of our lives, we tend to ignore the complexities of engineering that are used to create, design, and manufacture these reliable devices. One of the central parts of an electric motor is the stator. As the name implies, a stator is a static part of a motor whose purpose is to create a magnetic field. Read More…
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When electricity is passed through a wire, a magnetic field is created. To enhance the magnetic field generated by the passage of current, the wires are wrapped around to form a coil. This is the simple explanation of the design of a stator, which consists of wires that are wrapped on top of one another to form a coil.
Unlike an electric coil, stator coils do not have a core but surround a rotor. In a simple motor, electric current passes through the stator that creates an electromagnetic field that turns the rotor to produce mechanical energy.
What is a Stator?
A stator consists of a core, frame, and winding, with the core as a means of supporting and protecting the three-phase wire winding. The key factor in a motor is the interaction between the stator and rotor. When electric current is passed through the stator, an electromagnetic field (EMF) is creating that turns the rotor. It is the interaction between the rotor and stator that produces the power for the motor.
Stator Coil Materials –
Though there are many forms of wire, copper is always the first choice for the creation of electronic devices. This especially true in the case of the construction of stator coils. The materials used in the production of a stator are copper wire, iron, and steel or aluminum for the housing. Iron is chosen as part of a stator for the efficient way that it produces electric flux, a measure of the strength of an electric field.
Copper wire is an essential part of all electric devices for its conductivity, ductility, and high melting point. In a stator, the wire is coated with lacquer, or laminated, to increase its density. The wire is wound three times for a three-phase stator. The winding process has to be completed efficiently to ensure a high fill factor, which is influenced by the insulation of the wire and its coating. The higher the fill factor, the motor efficient will be the performance of the stator.
Stator Applications –
Years ago, before the inception of alternators, automobiles required a generator to produce the spark to start. At the center of a generator was the stator coil that created a magnetic field that turned the rotor at the center of the generator. Even though the generator has been replaced by alternators, at the heart of an alternator is a stator coil. This is also true of a wide variety of motors from the fan on a computer to the huge turbines that produce large amounts of electrical power.